Southern states seceded from the union in order to protect their states' rights, groups of slavery, and disagreements over tariffs.
The South was convinced that President Lincoln was going to end slavery. He never said he would end slavery but made it very clear that he didn’t want slavery to spread.
President Lincoln stated if he could save the Union by keeping slavery where it already existed, he would do that. Saving the Union was his top priority. The South didn’t trust President Lincoln to keep his word. They were convinced he might stop slavery.
That was the reason the Southern states seceded immediately after Lincoln's election in 1860.
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