Richard, the duke of Gloucester, speaks in a monologue addressed to himself and to the audience. After a lengthy civil war, he says, peace at last has returned to the royal house of England. Richard says that his older brother, King Edward IV, now sits on the throne, and everyone around Richard is involved in a great celebration. But Richard himself will not join in the festivities. He complains that he was born deformed and ugly, and bitterly laments his bad luck. He vows to make everybody around him miserable as well. Moreover, Richard says, he is power-hungry, and seeks to gain control over the entire court. He implies that his ultimate goal is to make himself king.
Working toward this goal, Richard has set in motion various schemes against the other noblemen of the court. The first victim is Richard’s own brother, Clarence. Richard and Clarence are the two younger brothers of the current king, Edward IV, who is very ill and highly suggestible at the moment. Richard says that he has planted rumors to make Edward suspicious of Clarence.
Clarence himself now enters, under armed guard. Richard’s rumor-planting has worked, and Clarence is being led to the Tower of London, where English political prisoners were traditionally imprisoned and often executed. Richard, pretending to be very sad to see Clarence made a prisoner, suggests to Clarence that King Edward must have been influenced by his wife, Queen Elizabeth, or by his mistress, Lady Shore, to become suspicious of Clarence. Richard promises that he will try to have Clarence set free. But after Clarence is led offstage toward the Tower, Richard gleefully says to himself that he will make sure Clarence never returns.
The scene begins with the protagonist, Richard III, talking about the end of the civil war, the victory of his family, and the crowning of his brother as the king of England. In the play, he is depicted as a hunchback, and he blames his deformed spine for his bitter attitude. He spreads a rumor about his brother George, the Duke of Clarence, which lands George in trouble with his other brother, King Edward. That’s when George enters the scene, along with the guards who are taking him to prison. Richard pretends to sympathize with George and blames the queen for his imprisonment. He then mentions that Lord Hastings, a supporter of their family, has been released from prison. Lord Hastings then enters the scene and informs Richard that the ailing king is very weak. Hastings goes off to visit the king. On finding himself alone once again, Richard continues to speak aloud about his plans to overthrow the king. He intends to marry Lady Anne to make his position stronger, since she is the widow of the late King Henry VI. The scene ends with Richard planning to kill his brothers, before moving on to pursue Lady Anne.
PLATO
