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In human cell mitosis, each daughter cell will have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, which is 46 chromosomes. If the parent cell is diploid, it has two sets of chromosomes, or a total of 46. If it is haploid, such as sperms and eggs, they have one set of chromosomes, or just 23.
Through mitosis, one diploid cell produces two diploid daughter cells. Each of them has exactly the same genetic material as the original cell. If the original cell is 2n = 12, each of the daughter cells has 12 chromosomes.
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To answer this question, remember that we are talking about a mitotic division.
Mitosis is a process by which, from a diploid somatic cell (2n), two daughter diploid cells (2n) are produced.
First occurs duplication of the cell content, and then the separation into two new cells happens.
Mitosis occurs in only one phase, which is composed of four stages.
• In the prophase, it occurs chromosomes condensation and nuclear membrane breaks.
• During the metaphase, chromosomes are taken toward the center of the cell by the spindle apparatus. Once in the equatorial plane, chromosomes line up.
Each chromatid joins with a microtubule of opposites poles.
• In Anaphase, bonds between chromatids break. They separate and migrate to the opposite poles.
• In telophase, duplicated chromosomes are already in the corresponding poles, and the nuclear membrane forms again in each pole.
• Finally, cytokinesis occurs.
Note that, unlike meiosis, in mitosis, it does not occur crossing-over.
Crossing-over makes the daughter cells genetically different from the original one. As it does not occur during mitosis, daughter cells are identical to the original cell.
According to this framework about mitosis, if we have a diploid cell 2n = 12 each of the daughter cells will have the exact same genetic charge as the original cell. This is, each of the daughter cells will have 12 chromosomes.
Original cell 2n = 12 ⇒ Mitosis event ⇒ Two daughter cells 2n = 12.
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