DNA molecules contain three main components which are the presence of nitrogenous bases, phosphate groups, and deoxyribose.
DNA is the name we use for the molecules that hold the genetic code of all organisms. DNA is an acronym for Deoxyribose nucleic acid and is comprised of three main components:
- Deoxyribose
- Phosphate group
- Nitrogenous bases
Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide. Monosaccharides are long carbon-based molecules that are referred to as simple sugars. In addition to this sugar, the presence of a phosphate group is necessary for DNA. This implies a phosphorus atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms, whilst one of these oxygen atoms is also bound to the molecule of DNA itself.
Perhaps the most important component present in DNA is that of the nitrogenous bases. The nitrogenous bases present in DNA are:
- Adenine
- Guanine
- Thymine
- Cytosine
These are often also referred to as Nucleobases. They are biological structures containing nitrogen, which work to create nucleotides by first becoming nucleosides. These all work as the building blocks necessary to create nucleic acid.
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