Ok so basically I dunno all the corr. coefict stuff, but...
in 10 sec it went for 4 to 8, that's doubled
then from 8 to 12 is, +4, 4×3
A. Just during these two intervals we have, y/x: 4/10, then 8/20, then 12/30
0.4, 0.4, 0.4, but then it goes 15/30 = 0.5
so it's not a perfect 100% (1.00) correlation, but it would be very close [I'd choose b) 0.99]
B. from 10-30mins, it went from 4 to 8 to 12
m = change in y ÷ change in x
m = (12-4)/(30-10) = 8/20 = 0.40
C. means that the rate there is 0.40 miles per min. steady, which is 0.40 miles/min × 60min/hr = 24mi/hr steadily without increase or decrease, but a slight decrease from 30-40
RARELY say Causation, Ehr on the side of caution... correlation when in doubt