Respuesta :
Answer:
The minimum number of subjects needed is 385.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a sample with a number n of people surveyed with a probability of a success of [tex]\pi[/tex], and a confidence level of [tex]1-\alpha[/tex], we have the following confidence interval of proportions.
[tex]\pi \pm z\sqrt{\frac{\pi(1-\pi)}{n}}[/tex]
In which
z is the z-score that has a p-value of [tex]1 - \frac{\alpha}{2}[/tex].
The margin of error is:
[tex]M = z\sqrt{\frac{\pi(1-\pi)}{n}}[/tex]
95% confidence level
So [tex]\alpha = 0.05[/tex], z is the value of Z that has a p-value of [tex]1 - \frac{0.05}{2} = 0.975[/tex], so [tex]Z = 1.96[/tex].
95% confidence, within 5 percentage points, and a previous estimate is not known.
The sample size is n for which M = 0.05. We don't know the true proportion, so we use [tex]\pi = 0.5[/tex]
Then
[tex]M = z\sqrt{\frac{\pi(1-\pi)}{n}}[/tex]
[tex]0.05 = 1.96\sqrt{\frac{0.5*0.5}{n}}[/tex]
[tex]0.05\sqrt{n} = 1.96*0.5[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt{n} = \frac{1.96*0.5}{0.05}[/tex]
[tex](\sqrt{n})^2 = (\frac{1.96*0.5}{0.05})^2[/tex]
[tex]n = 384.16[/tex]
Rounding up:
The minimum number of subjects needed is 385.
